任何有电解电容器的电器——包括但不限于计算机、笔记本、电视机等等,最好能每隔几天通电一次,不要长时间断电。 否则,半年不开机的电脑,有一定的概率下一次开机就会坏掉——症状包括但不限于机器工作不稳定(如反复重启)、无法开机、开机烧毁、开机电解电容爆浆甚至爆炸,等等。 原因很简单,电解电容器靠的是电解液氧化金属箔片做的电极、利用这个氧化层当电容器的绝缘层。 正常使用时,加在电解电容器上面的电压相当于一直在“自动维护”氧化层;所以只要经常用,十年、三十年甚至五十年,电器都不会坏掉。 但,一旦断电,电解液就会侵蚀氧化层;一旦氧化层被破坏,下次开机时,漏电流大增、电容器就开始发热、鼓包,压力大到一定程度、同时密封材料/外壳老化就会漏液;或者……就会炸掉。 幸好电解电容器多半专门做了防爆处理,也就是顶部专门做了个薄弱处,使得炸掉时只是薄弱处裂口,而不是雷管一样、硬生生把0.xmm厚的密闭铝壳憋炸、产生剧烈爆炸:
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